Units of measurement, symbols, significant digits and rounding off 1.1 Units of measurement and symbols 1.2 Significant digits 1.3 Rounding off 1.4 Bias, accuracy and precision Individual Trees and Logs 2.1 Bole characteristics 2.1.1 Diameter 2.1.2 Height 2.1.3 Bark thickness 2.1.4 Volume 2.1.5 Stem form and taper 2.2 Log characteristics 2.2.1 Diameter 2.2.2 Length 2.2.3 Volume 2.2.4 Weight 2.2.5 Allowance for defect 2.3 Crown characteristics 2.3.1 Width 2.3.2 Depth 2.3.3 Surface area 2.3.4 Volume 2.3.5 Biomass 2.4 Stem analysis Groups of Trees (Stands) 3.1 Number of trees 3.2 Diameter 3.3 Basal area 3.3.1 Fixed-area plots 3.3.2 Angle count sampling 3.3.3 Advantages and disadvantages of angle count sampling 3.4 Height 3.4.1 Mean height 3.4.2 Predominant height, top height, dominant height 3.4.3 Stand height curve 3.5 Volume 3.6 Crown closure 3.7 Crown biomass 3.8 Growth and increment References Appendix 1: Checklist of equipment and materials |
[RWG#2] [Copyright] [Title Page] [Next Page] [Last Page] 2.1.3 BARK THICKNESS The thickness of bark on trees varies with species, genotype, age, rate of growth and position along the bole. On standing trees, it is measured indirectly by an instrument such as a bark gauge, bark probe, or hammer, nail and graduated scale. Examples of specialised instruments are the Swedish bark gauge and the "handy bark gauge" described by Lewis (1953). The operation is probably the most error-prone of all the operations in forest measurement because it relies heavily on feel. Considerable experience, skill and care are required to obtain reliable results. Procedures helpful for minimising error in estimating bark thickness on standing trees include:
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January, 1999.